![]() ![]() Complex interactions also exist between epinephrine and the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system. Such interactions can be important in understanding fetal lung maturation, bronchial asthma, and the management of cardiogenic shock. Epinephrine can augment ACTH release under some conditions of stress, and cortisol generally increases the target organ sensitivity to the β-adrenergic effects of epinephrine. A direct influence of adrenal medullary hormones on cortical function is less well established and, unless the direction of adrenal blood flow can be shown to be reversed, it is biologically less significant. Glucocorticoids and other products of the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-stimulated cortex, such as ascorbic acid, have important effects on epinephrine synthesis and release. In the whole animal, it is difficult to distinguish primary from secondary effects. ![]() There are a wide range of interactions between the adrenal cortex and medulla and their products-both physical and functional. The adrenal glands mediate a short-term stress response and a long-term stress response. The adrenal medulla at the core of the gland produces epinephrine and norepinephrine. This chapter discusses interactions between adrenal cortex and medulla. The adrenal cortexthe outer layer of the glandproduces mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, and androgens. ![]()
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